Under the premise of understanding and studying the evaluation methods of rivers and lakes ecosystem services at home and abroad, a typical case is selected to conduct a comprehensive investigation on the local ecological resources and environment such as hydrology, geography, biology, humanities and economy. According to the survey results, this paper analyzes the natural service function and social service function of the system, and comprehensively evaluates the functions of rivers and lakes ecosystem services, and puts forward rationalization suggestions for the optimization of its ecosystem service function according to the evaluation results. And provide scientific decision support for the utilization and function development of river ecological resources in the study area, and provide reference for the evaluation and optimization of other rivers and lakes ecosystem services in China.